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下列影片介紹Verayo.com的RFID PUF(Physical Unclonable Functions)技術～
To understand unclonability, it is important to understand how RFIDs can be cloned. The first, and perhaps more difficult, method would be to somehow copy the contents of one RFID chip to another. This can be achieved if an attacker gets access to another same kind of uninitialized RFID chip as the one the attacker is targeting. The second, and easier, method would be to program a ghost RF device to act like a RFID chip. Such devices are available on the internet, an attacker would skim the information exchanged between the real RFID chip and reader and then replay the same information using such devices to attack the system.
PUF technology makes it effectively impossible to clone Verayo RFID chips. Even if an attacker gets hold of an uninitialized Verayo RFID chip, and copies all the contents from one RFID chip to the other, including the PUF parameters stored in the Vera M4H IC, the PUFs in the two chips will show very different characteristics. No two PUF based RFID chips will generate the same response to any given challenge. Hence, in the example above, if the same challenge is given to a fake wrist-watch with a copy of the real Vera X512H RFID IC, or a fake ticket with copy of the real Vera M4H RFID IC, the PUF will not provide the expected response to any given challenges.
PUF based RFIDs address the issue of skimming and replay by ghost RF devices as well. In case of Vera X512H IC, each PUF based RFID can generate virtually unlimited number of challenge response pairs. To address the issue of skimming and replay attack, the system should, ideally, use a new challenge response pair every time. A ghost device that would have skimmed the previous exchange between the chip and the reader would not know the new response and fail. In case of a Vera M4H IC, the reader selects a random challenge each time, hence it is almost impossible for an attacker to give a Vera M4H IC a challenge that will be used by the reader for authentication.



http://www.verayo.com/product/pufrfid.html
http://www.verayo.com/brochure/VeraM4H.pdf



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